种植模式和多茬收割对饲用型甜高粱产量的影响

Effects of Planting Pattern and Multi-stubble Harvests on Forage Sweet Sorghum Yield

研究了饲用型甜高粱在不同种植模式条件下(全膜双垄沟灌栽培、全膜覆盖平作栽培、露地栽培)对土壤含水量、植株外部形态及产量的影响;单茬收割以及不同株高条件下2茬收割、3茬收割对产量的影响。结果表明:覆膜处理能高效利用降水和灌水,使植株茎秆含糖率增加,显著增加株高和产量,尤其全膜覆盖平作处理较露地栽培水分利用效率高70.52kg/(mm·hm2),增产41.74%。收获两茬产量要比收获1茬高10.98%,比收割3茬高18.64%;在收割两茬的情况下,头茬株高150cm时刈割总产量比头茬株高200cm时刈割总产增产4.49%。在生育期只有150d左右的区域,饲用型甜高粱可选择两茬或单茬收割,头茬在株高150cm左右收割,二茬收割时间在早霜来临之前。

Two Experiments were conducted to test the effect of different cultivation conditions （double rows furrow irrigation planting with whole plastic film mulching, convention planting with whole plastic film mulching, culture in the open） on soil moisture, plant morphological and yield of forage sweet sorghum; and the effect of single stubble harvest, two stubble harvests and three stubble harvests on yield of forage sweet sorghum. The results showed that： two treatments with plastic film mulching could efficiently utilize rainfall and water irrigation, the sugar content of plants stem, plant height and yield of sweet sorghum increased significantly, especially the treatment of convention planting with whole plastic film mulching had high water use efficiency, 70.52 kg/（mm. ha）, and sweet sorghum yield increased by 41.74%, in comparison with that of culture in the open. The sorghum yield of two stubble harvests increased by 10.98% and 18.64% respectively, in comparison with that of single stubble harvest and three stubble harvests. In the region of stubble duration period about 150 days, forage sweet sorghum might be harvested single or two stubbles; the first harvest was done when plant height of sweet sorghum was 150 cm, and the second harvest was done before early frosting.