白龙江流域泥石流特征分析

Debris Flow Characteristics in Bailong River Basin

泥石流孕灾环境和流域形态是泥石流发育及其活动的基础,把握孕灾环境和流域形态特征对开展泥石流防灾减灾工作具有重要的现实意义。在分析白龙江泥石流空间分布格局的基础上,从区域构造环境、地形地貌、地层岩性和降水等方面研究了流域泥石流的孕灾环境特征,探讨了各因子与泥石流分布的耦合关系。针对白龙江干流250条泥石流沟,运用数理统计方法,对其流域面积、主沟长和相对高差等重要参数进行了统计分析,明确了干流泥石流的流域形态特征。

Disaster-pregnant environment and watershed morphology are the base of the development and activity of debris flows and therefore, clearly recognizing the disaster-pregnant environment and watershed morphology characteristics has an important realistic meaning to disaster prevention and mitigation. Based on the analysis of the spatial distribution patterns of debris flows in the Bailong River basin, a further study of the characteristics of the disaster-pregnant environment is made from the aspects of regional tectonic environment, topography and geomorphology, formation lithology, precipitation and so on. The coupling relationships between these factors and debris flow distribution are explored. Meanwhile, as to 250 debris flow gul- lies along the mainstream of the Bailong River, the basin area, length of the main gully, relative relief of debris flow gully and other important parameters are analyzed using mathematical statistics, and the characteristics of basin form in relation to debris flows along the mainstream are identified.