菜粕日粮对育肥牛生产性能及血液生化指标的影响

Effects of rapeseed meal diets on productive performance and blood biochemical indicators of fattening beef cattle

为了考量高菜粕水平日粮对肉牛生理及免疫情况的影响,研究育肥后血液及肌肉组织中硫代葡萄糖甙(GLS)的残留情况,试验仅以肉牛短期育肥阶段作为模型,采用单因子随机试验设计,选取平均体重为(331.95±40.88)kg的20头蜀宣花牛,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,分别饲喂4个菜粕水平的[0(对照组)、30%、60%、90%]精料。结果表明:30%菜粕组育肥牛具有最高的日增重(1.44 kg/d)和最低的料重比(5.63);蛋白质和三酰甘油的含量与菜粕添加量呈负相关,且均在60%菜粕组出现显著下降(P<0.05);3个菜粕组肉牛血液及肌肉的硫代葡萄糖甙含量均较对照组极显著升高(P<0.01),且均与菜粕替代量呈正相关;综合考虑日增重、料重比、育肥牛生理状况及胴体制品中硫代葡萄糖苷的残留状况,菜粕代替豆粕饲喂育肥牛的合理比例为30%。

To investigate the effects of rapeseed meal level in diets onthe physiological and immune conditions of beef cattle, study the residual case of glucosinolates（GLS） in blood and muscle tissue of beef cattle after fattening. 20 Shuxuan cattle with body weight of （ 331.95 ± 40.88 ） kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with five replicates in each group according to the single - factor designs, only taking the short - term stage of beef cattle fattening as a model. The control group and three experimental groups were fed by 0, 30%, 60%, and 90% of rape- seed meal in concentrated feed, respectively. The results showed that the highest daily weight gain（ 1.44 kg/d）and lowest food conversion rate （5.63） of fattening cattle were found in the experimental group fed by 30% of rapeseed meal level ; there were negative correlations in the con- tents of protein and triacylglyceWl with the rapeseed meal replacement levels, and there were significant decreases （ P 〈 0.05 ） in the experimen- tal group fed by 60% of rapeseed meal level. There were significant increases（ P 〈 0.01 ）in the contents of GLS in blood and muscle tissue of cattle in the three experimental groups compared with the control group, showing positive correlations with the rapeseed meal replacement levels. Considering the daily weight gain, the food conversion rate, the physiological status, and the contents of GLS in blood and muscle tissue, a rea- sonable proportion of rapeseed meal instead of soy bean in diets for fattening beef cattle should be maintained 30%.