群际威胁:影响因素与减少策略

Intergroup Threat: The Contributing Factors and Reduction Strategies

群际威胁是增强消极刻板印象和偏见的重要因素,甚至可以导致群际冲突或暴力。影响群际威胁的因素包括个体的感知与经验、群体特征、社会政策和法规等。通过改变社会分类,模糊群际边界,并创造群际接触的机会,能够增加群际认同感,降低群际威胁感,减少群际偏见,促进积极的群际关系。今后的研究需在不同的社会环境中完善群际威胁的理论模型,并探索相关变量相互作用的内在机制,为促进和改善群际关系提供理论依据。

Intergroup threat can increase the negative stereotypes and prejudices, even lead to intergroup conflict and violence. This article discusses the contributing factors of intergroup threat （including individuals＇ perceptions and experiences, group characteristics, social policies and regulations） and suggests some strategies to reduce intergroup threat （including changing social categorization, blurring intergroup boundaries and increasing the opportunity of intergroup contact）. To provide theoretical basis for improving intergroup relations, future research will need to furnish theoretical model of intergroup threat in different social contexts and examine the mechanism that underlies the interactions of pertaining variables interactions to promote the intergroup relationship.