焦点性话语标记的话语关联及其语义类型

Discourse Conjunction and Semantic Types of Focal Discourse Markers

本文主要针对话语标记"X的是"的标记功能、话语关联、语义约束及其语义类型进行研究。首先,在前人研究的基础上点明话语标记"X的是"的标记焦点功能,并提出了从话语到句法再到语义的逐层剖析标记焦点功能的制约机制;其次,从话语层面揭示了背景句与焦点句之间前轻后重的转折、递进、追补、因果四种话语关联对焦点句的性质及其焦点功能的制约性;第三,从句法层面阐明了焦点句的焦点命题与焦点标记间的诱发性语义关系,使话语标记带有[受动性]特征;第四,从语义层面把焦点标记分成三种语义类型:情惑激发型、言思引发型、评判促发型,并通过对比差异反证法、使令结构检测法、词性检测分类法来验证分类的合理性;最后,从语义语法的理论层面指明了语义与句法间的制约关系。

The article mainly concerns the discourse marker ＂X de shi＂ and discusses its function, conjunction, governing and semantic types. We argue that ＂X de ski＂ is a fo- cus marker by showing the governing devices at the discoursal, syntactic and semantic lev- el respectively. At the discourse level, the background sentence is less prominent than the focus sentence, with the relations being transition, progression, addition and causation. Syntactically, the focus proposition evokes the focus marker with the passive feature. Se- mantically, ＂X de shi＂ can be classified into three sub-types, feeling-evoking, thought- provoking, and evaluation-causing, which can be attested by means of contrast, shi/ling- structure and part of speech test.