铁路青年工人职业认同感现状及其对幸福感的预测作用

Impacting factors on the professional identity of railway young workers and the relationship with the professional identity and subjective well-being

目的 揭示铁路青年工人职业认同的现状和影响因素,研究职业认同对幸福感的预测作用.方法 采用等比例分层随机抽样,使用职业认同问卷和幸福感指数量表对全国5 762名铁路青年工人进行调查.对性别、年龄、工龄、学历和收入水平等因素对职业认同的影响进行定量分析.结果 （1）铁路青年工人的职业认同水平随年龄增加而增加（F=6.667,P＜0.05）.（2）职业认同感随工龄增加而增加（F=5.t47,P＜0.01）,但9～12年工龄反而下降.（3）“大专”学历职业认同明显低于“本科及以上”学历（F=3.538,P＜0.05）.（4）职业认同随收入提高而提高（F=42.275,P＜0.01）.（5）线性回归分析结果显示,职业认同对幸福感有预测作用（R =0.534,p＜0.01）.结论 铁路青年工人的年龄、工龄、学历、收入等变量对职业认同有影响,职业认同对幸福感有正向预测作用.

Objective To investigate the impacting factors on the professional identity of railway young workers and the relationship of the professional identity and subjective well-being. Methods The sample consis- ting of 5 762 young workers was selected from railway enterprises by stratified and random sampling according to the proportion. Occupational professional identity Scale and Index of Well-being, Index of General Affect Scale were used. The affect of the variable, such as sex, age, working years, educational background and income on professional identity were studied. Moreover, the relationship between professional identity and subjective well-being was repor- ted. Results （ 1 ） Professional identity ascended with the increase of ages, and there was significance between three groups（F= 6.667, P〈0.05）. （2）Professional identity ascended with the increase of length of service （F= 5.147, P〈0.01 ） , but it dropped at the point of 9-12 years. （3） The professional identity of workers with bachelor degree was higher than that with junior college education background, and there was significance between three groups （F= 3.538, P〈0.05）. （4）The workers who had more than 3 500 RMB monthly salary was regarded on the top in professional identity, while those whose monthly salary were under 2 500 RMB was in the lowest level （F= 42.275, P〈0.01 ）. （ 5 ） The result of linear regression indicated that the degree of professional identity can forecast the degree of subjective well-being（ R = 0.534, P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion The professional identity of railway young works was affected by their ages, the length of service, the educational degree and salary. The professional identity can forecast subjective well-being.