中国省际高等教育资源的优化配置——基于生均经费支出差异及收敛的实证分析

Optimizing Higher Education Resource Allocation among Provinces;A Empirical Study on Variance and Convergence of Education Expenditure per Student

本文基于2001-2010年中国31个省域普通高等学校生均事业经费支出数据,利用计量经济学方法,检验省际高教经费支出的收敛与空间依赖效应。研究结果显示:全国高教经费支出省际差异变化显著,不存在稳定的σ-收敛;全国及西部地区高教经费支出增长率与期初支出水平呈反比例变动关系,存在显著的绝对β-收敛,中部和东部区域不存在俱乐部收敛。为此,应提高欠发达省域高教规模和经济发展水平,这有助于推进高等教育财力资源均衡配置的进程;同时,也应注重相邻省域高教经费支出增长速度、高教规模、人均地区生产总值等因素对省际高教经费支出收敛的积极促进作用。

Based on econometric method with data of education expenditure per student of full-time higher education in 31 provinces during 2001 to 2010, the current paper examined the convergence and spatial dependence of higher education expenditure among provinces. Results show that significant difference exist among higher education expenditures, and stable σ- convergence is absent. Negative correlation between growth ratio of education expenditure and beginning expenditure, as well as significant absolute β-convergence are found in overall and western regions. Moreover it suggests no club convergence in middle and east regions. Conclusions can be drawn that raising higher education scale and economic development in under developing regions is beneficial to balanced allocation of higher education resource, and convergence of higher education expenditure among provinces can be promoted by growth of expenditure in adjacent provinces, higher education scale and regional GDP per capita.