利用GNSS星间链路对中高轨航天器测定轨的可行性研究

Orbit Determination of Medium-high Earth Orbital Satellite Using GNSS Crosslink Ranging Observations

目前中高轨航天器精密轨道确定普遍采用地面跟踪测量体制,面临跟踪弧段不够、跟踪精度不高、无载体自主定位能力的问题。GNSS星间链路网络的建立为中高轨航天器定轨提供了新思路。介绍了基于GNSS星间链路的中高轨航天器定轨新方法,设计仿真模型分析了其可见性、定位精度、链路预算,并进行了自主定轨模拟计算。结果表明:以GNSS星间链路实现中高轨航天器测定轨,可见星数目多、定位精度好、链路余量高,对中高轨航天器在径向的定轨精度可以达到6m以内,切向和法向在2m以内。本文测定轨方案可行,为GNSS在新领域的应用提供了思路。

Precise orbit ground-based tracking determination of medium and systems, which have limitation high earth orbital satellites mainly depends on s such as insufficient tracking arc, low accura- cy, and are often unable to support autonomous navigation. The foundation of a GNSS crosslink net- work provides a new resolution for orbit determination of medium and high earth orbital satellites. This paper introduces a new method, used for orbit determination of medium and high earth orbital satellites based on GNSS crosslink ranging observations. The visibility, positioning accuracy, and crosslink budget has been analyzed and the simulative calculation of Autonomous Orbit Determination （AOD） was performed. The results show that with sufficient visible satellite numbers, positioning ac- curacy, and link margins, the AOD of medium-high earth orbital satellites using GNSS crosslink ran- ging observations can achieve a positioning error within 6 m in radial, 2 m along and across; the new method is feasible and can open new directions in the application of GNSS.