畜禽养殖业氨氮总量控制减排技术特征与评估方法研究

Research on characteristics and assessment method of ammonia emissions reduction technology for livestock and poultry industry

目前我国氨氮排放量远超出受纳水体环境容量,畜禽养殖业是我国"十二五"期间氨氮总量减排的重点,其清洁生产与末端治理技术种类繁多,不同技术在不同应用条件下减排效果差别比较显著。深入分析了国内外畜禽养殖业发展与污染现状,系统归纳了国内畜禽养殖业氨氮总量减排技术区域特征,综合使用层次-灰色综合评判法、费用-效益法、表单法等对氨氮总量减排技术的减排效果、运行成本、环境效益、经济效益、限制性因素等进行了综合性的评价研究;为了保证评估方法的实际应用便捷,进一步构建了基于面向服务架构(SOA)的氨氮减排技术评估及咨询平台。结果表明,氨氮总量减排技术评估方法与平台可大幅度提高技术评价的效率和精确度,可广泛的应用于企业和管理部门氨氮减排的工程技术及环境管理工作。

Ammonia emissions in China are far beyond the environmental capacity of the receiving water. As a key industry of total ammonia emissions control in China＇s ＂Twelfth Five-Year＂ period, clean production and pollution treatment technologies of livestock and pouhry industry are related with region, size, production process, etc. Considering that the application scope of water treatment technologies was different and the wastewater had obvious industrial characteristics,the hierarchy-gray comprehensive evaluation method, cost-effectiveness method, form method were used for a comprehensive evaluation, including processing technologies, operating costs, environmental benefits, economic, and other limiting factors.Because the assessment processes involved both complex mathematic models and big calculation task, the assessment efficiency was not high, and the accuracy was very difficult to guarantee. An assessment software for technologies assessment was thus developed.The results showed that the application of this software could significantly improve the assessment efficiency and accuracy, and the software can be widely used in business and management departments for ammonia emission control and environmental engineering management.