15种中草药抗烟草花叶病毒活性的研究

The Study of the Activity of 15 Kinds of Chinese Traditional Medicine Against Tobacco Mosaic Virus

[目的]测定15种中草药提取物抗TMV的活性。[方法]利用半叶枯斑法,初筛测定15种中草药对TMV钝化作用,复筛测定其对TMV初侵染和复制增殖作用。[结果]商陆、大黄、板蓝根、金银花4种中草药表现出明显的TMV体外钝化作用,其钝化抑制率均在50%以上;复筛测定4种中草药抗TMV初侵染和复制增殖活性,大黄表现出较好的活性,且与其他3种中草药相比差异显著。盆栽试验表明,植物提取液(大黄)在100倍液下,喷雾加灌根的施药方式对烟草病毒病的防效最好,达49.00%,优于对照药剂20%吗啉胍·乙铜可湿性粉剂。[结论]15种中草药中大黄具有较优的抗TMV活性,值得进一步研究。

[Objective] The aim was to study the active determination of the extracts of 15 kinds of Chinese traditional medicine against TMV.[Method] Using half leaf blight spot method,15 kinds of Chinese traditional medicine against TMV in vitro was determined in the experiment of initial screening,after screened again through the experiments of inhibiting TMV infection and inhibiting the multiplication of TMV.[Result] Four kinds of Chinese herbal medicine,Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.,Rheum palmatum L.,Isatis tinctoria,Lonicera japonica Thunb.,had an obvious inactivation on TMV in vitro,and the inhibition rate was more than 50％.After screened again through the experiments of inhibiting TMV infection and inhibiting the multiplication of TMV,Rheum palmatum L.showed better activity.It had a significant difference compared with the other three kinds of Chinese traditional medicine.In the field plot trials,the extract of Rheum palmatum L.（100 times,spraying ＋ pouring）was better than Moroxydine ＋ Cupric acetate,W.P.（20％） and had the best inhibition rate（49.00％）.[Conclusion] Rheum palmatum L.had the best activity against TMV,and was worth further studying.