基于对应分析法和综合污染指数法的水质评价

River Water Quality Evaluation Based on Correspondence Analysis and Comprehensive Pollution Index Method

文章以锦溪上游宏渡村段河流为例,在对常用的水质评价法结果对比分析的基础上,将对应分析法和综合污染指数法联合应用于水质评价,应用对应分析法选出具有代表性的监测点,结合综合污染指数,能更好地反映整条河流的污染状况。应用单因子污染指数法得出的主要污染因子和水质类别,为河流的综合治理提供科学依据。单项污染指数法结果过于保护,该段河流主要污染因子秋季较为复杂,春、夏、冬3个季节和全年均为TN;结合对应分析法和综合污染指数法,结果表明:河流每个季节均属于污染水质,综合污染指数春季(1.59)>夏季(1.19)>冬季(1.12)>秋季(0.99),春季污染最为严重,应着重在春季治理河流,实行氮的总量控制,改善水质。

To evaluate water quality of river reach of Hongdu Village, upstream of the Jinxi River, new approaches including correspondence analysis and comprehensive pollution index method were applied instead of the common single factor pollution index method. Monitoring points representing the waster quality of the river reach were chosen by applying correspondence analysis which could better reflect the contamination status of the river section; on the other hand, applying single factor pollution index method, the pollution factors and the current water quality category of the river reach could be determined. According to the monitoring and investigation, it was not easy to determine the main pollution factor of the river reach in autumn, whereas in three other seasons and the yearly average, the main pollution factor was total nitrogen （TN）. Results of the evaluation based on the correspondence analysis and comprehensive pollution index method showed that water quality of the river reach belonged to the category of being polluted in all the seasons except autumn; and order of magnitude in terms of the comprehensive pollution index was spring〉summer〉winter〉autumn, indicating of all the seasons, spring was the most serious in river water pollution, so the pollution mitigation in spring should be intensified, especially focusing on TN pollution control.