贵州省部分农村中小学生膳食营养与健康知识行为现状

Nutrition and health knowledge and practice among primary and middle school students in rural areas of Guizhou province

目的了解贵州省部分农村地区中小学生营养知识和行为现状,为开展中小学生营养宣教提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,对贵州省部分农村地区6所中小学校的1 680名学生进行问卷调查。结果贵州省部分农村地区中小学学生营养知识的知晓率较低,多数营养知识点的知晓率不到50%。不同年级之间,部分知识点高年级的知晓率高于低年级,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。大部分学生能够从课本(50.1%)、学校宣传或教学课堂(55.0%)和电视广播(46.1%)获得营养知识。在饮食行为方面,大部分学生有选择吃新鲜蔬菜的习惯,而50%以上的学生饮奶频率很低;30%左右学生肉、蛋、豆类食品的食用频率偏低,20%左右的学生有喜欢吃咸菜的饮食习惯。结论贵州省部分农村地区中小学生膳食营养知识和行为存在一定程度的不足,有针对性的深入全面开展营养宣教工作十分必要。

Objective To understand the nutrition knowledge and practice among primary and middle school students in rural areas of Guizhou province, and to provide the scientific basis for appropriate nutritional education. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1 680 primary and middle school students were from three rural areas. All the participants filled out the nutritional knowledge and practice questionnaire. Results Nutritional knowledge awareness rate was low in rural areas of Guizhou. Less than half of all respondents properly understand all the nutritional knowledge. Students from high grade generally grasped more nutritional information than students from low grade. Most students had regular consumption of fresh vegetables, however, the current meat, milk and egg consumption levels were relatively low, but more than 50% students had low frequency of milk intake.About 30% students had low intake frequency of meat, egg and bean products.About 20% students often eat pickled vegetable consumption. Conclusion Nutrition-related knowledge and behaviors needs to be further improved for primary and middle school students in some part rural areas of Guizhou through comprehensive nutrition education programs.