儿童青少年进餐中饮水行为对肥胖的影响

Influence of drinking water with meals on obesity among children and adolescents

目的探讨进餐中饮水行为对7-18岁儿童青少年体重、基础代谢量、体脂百分比（FMP）、血压及肥胖的影响，为控制儿童青少年肥胖提供参考。方法采用随机分层整群的方法，选取宁夏泾源县、原州区、海原县、西吉县、同心县5个县区15所小学、5所中学7—18岁儿童青少年共3371名为研究对象，进行身高、体重、基础代谢量、体脂百分比（FMP）、血压的测量和进餐中饮水行为的调查。结果宁夏中南部山区农村儿童青少年进餐中有大量、少量和无饮水行为者分别占14．6％，54．0％和31．4％。进餐中男生无饮水行为者的基础代谢量、体重及收缩压明显低于有饮水行为者，而体脂肪百分含量明显高于有饮水行为者（P值均〈0．05）；女生基础代谢量、体重、收缩压及舒张压明显低于进餐中有饮水行为者（P值均〈0．05），而体脂肪百分含量无明显差异（P〉0．05）。控制运动时间后，进餐中男生大量饮水行为者的肥胖率明显低于无饮水行为者。结论进餐中饮水行为对儿童青少年的肥胖有一定的影响。对进餐中饮水行为的研究有助于儿童青少年肥胖的预防。

Objective To explore the influence of drinking water with meals on body weight, basal metabolism, body fat percentage （FMP） , blood pressure and obesity among children and adolescents in Ningxia. Methods A total of 3 371 subjects （male 1 699, female 1 672） in 15 primary schools and 10 middle schools were selected using random stratified cluster method. Body height, weight, basal metabolism, body fat percentage （ FMP ） and blood pressure were measured. Drinking water with meals was also investigated. Results Among rural children and adolescents in the mid-southern mountain region of Ningxia, report rate of drinking large amounts of water with meals, drinking small amounts of water with meals and don＇t drinking water with meals was 14.6%, 54.0% and 31.4%, respectively. Boys and girls with no drinking behavior with meals had lower basal metabolism, weight and systolic blood pressure but higher body fat percentage than boys reported drinking water with meals. However, higher body fat percentage was found in boys reported not drinking water with meals. Controlled for duration of exercise, boys with no drinking water with meals had significant lower risk for overweight/obesity. Conclusion Drinking water with meals might relate with obesity risk among children and adolescents. The findings also suggest drinking water with meals perhaps could help prevent childhood obesity.