北京地区女性宫颈感染人乳头瘤病毒基因型分布特征研究

Analysis of human papillomavirus genotyping in cervical epithelium in Beijing

目的：探讨北京地区女性宫颈上皮细胞感染23种人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus， HPV）基因型的分布情况及其对宫颈癌预防的临床意义。方法应用反向斑点杂交-基因芯片方法对1478例不同年龄段体检女性宫颈HPV感染情况进行筛查。结果1478例女性宫颈上皮细胞标本中HPV总感染率为26.05%，单一型别阳性检出率为19.4%，HPV16型是最主要的感染型别，其次是HPV58型。单一感染HPV阳性率为19.4%，二重感染阳性率为5.1%，多重感染阳性率为1.6%；高危型HPV感染阳性率为17.9%，低危型感染阳性率为4.6%，混合型感染阳性率为3.5%；≤20岁、21～30岁、31～40岁、41～50岁和＞50岁5个年龄组中HPV感染率分别为l.2%、24.0%、28.8%、30.0%和16.0%，其后4个年龄段女性在HPV单一，二重及多重感染率差异具有统计学意义（χ2=26.475，P＜0.01）；高危型与低危型感染率差异具有统计学意义（χ2=25.887，P＜0.01）。结论 HPV16、58型是北京地区30～50岁女性单一感染的主要基因型别。监测女性HPV分型对女性宫颈癌的预防及病因学研究具有重要作用。

Objective To detect and type human papillomavirus（HPV） by the method of dot blot hybridization reverse-gene chip for investigating their infections in women and their roles in the prevention and treatment in cervical cancer. Methods 1 478 patients from different age were enrolled and the HPV were detected and typed by dot blot hybridization reverse-gene chip. The infection rate of low-risk and high-risk types were compared and the relationship with age were analyzed. Results The total HPV infection rate was 26.05%in 1 478 cervical cell samples, the HPV infection rate of a single type was 19.4%. The predominant type from single infection with HPV was type 16（8.80%） secondly type 58（4.4%）. The HPV infection rate of single type, double type and multiple type were 19.4%, 5.1%and 1.6%respectively;the HPV infection rate of high-risk type, low-risk type and mixed type were 17.9%, 4.6%and 3.5%respectively. The positive rate of HPV were 1.2%, 24.0%, 28.8%, 30.0%and 16.0%along with the age group of ≤20, 21 ~ 30, 31, 40, 41 ~ 50 and＆gt;50 years respectively, subsequently four age women in the HPV single, double and multiple infection rate difference were statistically signiifcant （χ2=26.475, P＆lt;0.01）. High-risk and low-risk type infection rate difference were statistically signiifcant （χ2=25.887, P＆lt;0.01）. Conclusion HPV 16, 58 are the main genotypes of 1 478 women in Beijing district. Gene chip technology had high sensitivity and speciifcity in detecting multiple HPV genotypes in cervical epithelium, which is useful for the prevention and etiology study of cervical cancer.