木质纤维素糖平台基质组成结构的分析表征技术研究进展

Analytic technology of characterizing the substrate architecture in the Lignocellulose-to-sugar platform

纤维质原料复杂的理化组成和多级结构的致密不均一性,以及不同种属原料经不同方法预处理后的基质差异性,导致了分析检测问题的复杂性。当前的一系列研究资料显示,借助现代分析表征技术全方位多尺度地解析天然植物细胞壁组成结构、预处理后组成结构变化和酶解时底物-酶构效关系等,已经成为普遍利用的技术手段。本文首先综述一些代表性仪器分析方法(扫描电镜、傅里叶红外、X射线衍射和核磁共振)用于表征木质纤维素原料预处理前后组成结构变化和比较不同方法预处理效果的研究状况,然后对新近出现的一些分析表征技术(原子力显微镜、原位原子显微镜、多尺度显谱和时实相关成像)和用于研究预处理及酶解时基质动态变化情况进行叙述,最后对预处理和酶解领域获得的进展进行了总结,并对未来木质纤维素原料预处理及其酶解研究趋势进行了一些展望。

A complex chemical composition and recalcitrant heterogenic architecture of lignocellulosic biomass feedstock makes analysis and detection difficult. Meanwhile the situation is aggravated due to substrate diversity from different species pretreated by different methods. According to extensive literatures, modern analysis technique characterizing the composition-structure of native plant cell wall and its change after pretreatment, as well as conformation of substrate to enzyme has become an increasingly important tool for elucidating mechanisms of lignocellulose-to-sugar conversion. In this paper, several common analytic techniques （ SEM, FT-IR, XRD, NMR ） characterizing changes of various lignocellulosic cell wall architectures modified by different pretreatments were reviewed. Then recent emerging techniques in this field （ AFM, in-suit AFM, multi-scale visualization, correlative imagining in real time ） were discussed. Then conclusions based on the present progress of characterization technique applied in dissecting lignocellulosic cell wall architectures were made. Future work in improving lignocellulose-to-sugar conversion was suggested, which gave a new insight to enhance the efficiency lignocellulosic biorefinery.