淡色库蚊和致倦库蚊对杀虫剂抗药性的调查研究

Study on insecticide resistance of Culex pipiens pallens and Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus

目的 了解我国不同地区淡色库蚊和致倦库蚊对常用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的抗性水平,为合理有效地使用化学杀虫剂提供依据.方法 采用滤纸接触筒法测定成蚊对10 000 mg/L溴氰菊酯和10 000 mg/L氯菊酯的1h击倒率和24 h死亡率.结果 北京市、河北和海南省淡色库蚊及致倦库蚊在溴氰菊酯和氯菊酯区分剂量下的24 h死亡率均＜80％,均为抗性种群.7株淡色库蚊对10 000 mg/L氯菊酯的24 h死亡率均＜50％;13株蚊虫对10 000 mg/L溴氰菊酯的抗性高低不一,24 h死亡率1％～66％不等.结论 北京市、河北及海南省淡色库蚊和致倦库蚊对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂均产生了高抗性,蚊虫抗药性的产生与杀虫剂的使用密切相关,在创建文明卫生城市工作中要科学合理用药,开展抗药性监测,采取适当措施延缓蚊虫抗药性的产生和发展.

Objective To determine the resistance levels of Culex pipiens pallens and Cx. pipiens qainquefasciatus from different regions in China to commonly used pyrethroid insecticides and to provide a scientific basis for rational use of chemical insecticides. Methods The filter paper contact method was used to determine the 1 hour knock-down rate and 24 hour mortality of adult mosquitoes exposed to 10 000 mg/L deltamethrin and 10 000 mg/L permethrin. Results The 24 hour mortality of Cx. pipiens pallens and Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus from three provincial regions in China were all less than 80% when exposed to discriminating doses of deltamethrin and perraethrin, so al~ the mosquito strains were defined as resistant populations. The 24 hour mortality of 7 strains of Cx. pipiens pallens exposed to 10 000 mg/L permethrin were all less than 50%; the 24 hour mortality of 13 strains of mosquitoes exposed to 10 000 mg/L deltamethrin ranged from 1% to 66%, showing different resistance levels. Conclusion Cx. pipiens pallens and Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus from three provincial regions in China have all developed high resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. The development of insecticide resistance is closely related to the indiscriminated use of pesticides. It is critical to use insecticides appropriately, imperative to monitor the susceptibility, and advisable to develop and apply resistance management tactics.