小鼠肺炎病毒在严重呼吸道病毒感染中的研究进展

The Research Progress of Pneumonia Virus of Mice in Severe Respiratory Virus Infection

小鼠肺炎病毒(PVM)是天然的小鼠病原体,它和人类呼吸道合胞病毒(hRSV)紧密相关。接种最小量的病毒后支气管上皮细胞就会有大量的PVM复制,病毒复制的结果是在局部产生大量的促炎性因子(如巨噬细胞炎性蛋白1α、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白2、单核细胞趋化蛋白1和γ干扰素)以及肺部产生粒细胞,如果病毒复制未得到控制,PVM感染和继发炎性应答最终会导致肺水肿、呼吸衰竭和死亡。许多免疫调节方法已成功用于减少PVM感染率、小鼠的患病率和死亡率,为人的严重呼吸道病毒感染提供现实可行的治疗方案。

Pneumonia virus of mice （PVM） is a natural mouse pathogen closely related to the human respiratory syncytial viruses（hRSV）.Among the prominent features of this infection,robust replication of PVM takes place in bronchial epithelial cells in response to a minimal virus inoculum.Virus replication in situ results in local production of proinflammatory cytokines（MIP-1 or,MIP-2,MCP-1 and IFNγ） and granulocyte recruitment to the lung.If left uncontrolled,PVM infection and the ensuing inflammatory response ultimately lead to pulmonary edema,respiratory failure and death.Several immunomodulatory strategies have been used successfully to reduce morbidity and mortality when administered to PVM infected symptomatic mice,and thus hold promise as realistic therapeutic strategies for severe respiratory virus infections in human subjects.