东海大桥海上风电场对鸟类组成的影响

Influence of Donghai Bridge offshore wind farm on bird composition

以东海大桥海上风电场2007年开工建设为分界点,收集区域附近南汇东滩1997—2006年鸟类观测资料、洋山港2005—2006年周年鸟类观测资料,并与相同调查区域2012年5月—2013年6月观测资料进行物种数、种类组成及数量组成等比较分析,结果表明:区域鸟类的物种数并未产生明显的变化,鸻形目鸟类种类比例有所下降,雀形目种类增加明显,但鸻形目鸟类数量仍占明显优势,这一变化是由风电场建设、近岸其他工程建设、区域陆化发展、生境条件改变等综合作用的结果。风电场区域的视频观测没有记录到鸟类活动的情况,推测风电场场址已避开迁徙主要通道,或表明鸟类对其产生规避。

With the construction of the Donghai Bridge offshore wind farm in 2007, we collected the observation data of birds at Nanhui Dongtan from 1997 to 2006 and Yangshan Deep Water Port from 2005 to 2006. The data were compared with the observation from May 2012 to June 2013 in the same area in respect to diversity, composition and quantity of species. Results showed that the bird richness did not change significantly, while the proportion of the Charadriiformes decreased and that of the Passerine increased. However, Charadriiformes was still the dominant species in respect to its abundance. Our study indicated that such changes were not only caused by the construction of the wind farm, but also by the effects of many other factors, such as the changes of the local habitat conditions, and the construction of other costal projects. The observation by the video monitors installed at the wind farm area indicated no sign of bird activities, probably because of the fact that the wind farm construction area had been kept away from the bird migratory passage, or the approachavoidance behavior of the birds occurred.