黑龙江省不同粳稻品种穗部性状差异及其对结实率的影响

Varietal difference in panicle characteristics and their effects to percentage of ripened grains of Japonica rice in Heilongjiang province

选用 11个黑龙江省目前典型高产品种和新近育成的超高产有望品系 ,在哈尔滨高产栽培条件下进行田间试验 ,研究不同品种穗部性状差异及其对结实率影响。结果表明 ,依据 Sasahara划分穗型方法 ,供试品种可分为中位、偏下位和下位优势穗型等 3种类型。上部穗轴节位的二次枝梗粒的结实率 >中部 >下部 ,但二次枝梗粒结实率存在整穗性。只有上、中、下穗轴节位的二次枝梗粒结实率高而均衡的品种 ,整穗结实率才能高。未发现 Sasahara氏穗型和结实率高低间的关系。一定着粒密度范围内 ,着粒密度越稀 ,结实率越高。黑龙江省超高产水稻品种应具有上、中、下穗轴节位二次枝梗粒结实率高而均衡、着粒密度偏稀。

The field experiment with 11 currently typical varieties or possibly super-high yielding strains developed recently in Heilongjiang Province was conducted under the high cultivation of Harbin to study varietal differences in panicle characteristics and their effects to percentage of ripened grains of Japonica rice.The results were as follows:The panicle types of tested varieties were divided into three categories,ie,first was that the superior part of distribution of the secondary branch grains on the middle panicle,second on the partial lower and third on the lower.The percentage of ripened grains of the secondary branch grains of the upper panicle was higher than those of middle which was further higher than those lower part.However,the lower percentage of ripened grains was generally on whole panicle and the variety in high percentage of ripened grains based on each part of panicle.The relaton between panicle type and percentage of ripened grains was not found.There was significantly negative relation of grains density on panicle with percentage of ripened grain within some range of density.It was suggested that super-higher yielding variety of Heilongjiang Province should have high percentage of ripened secondary branch grains on each part of panicle,lower grains density on parnicle,and lower position of panicle layer.$$$$