“五四”时期王光祈与瞿秋白社会改造思想比较研究

Comparative Study on Wang Guangqi and Qu Quibai's Social Transformation Thoughts during the May Fourth Period

王光祈与瞿秋白都是"五四"时期主张改造社会的知识分子,但二人的命运和社会改造思想完全不同。王光祈的社会改造思想建立在无政府主义基础上,主张通过非暴力、非政治的改良手段改造社会;瞿秋白也曾受到无政府主义思想的影响,但很快就转变成为主张暴力革命的马克思主义者。除不同的家庭背景以及二人对母亲死亡经历的不同心理归因导致二人社会改造思想的差异外,对"五四"时期涌入的各种思潮的认识不同是造成二人思想分野的根本原因。王、瞿二人社会改造思想的演变反映出"五四"时期知识分子文化改良和政治革命的思想分流,政治革命成为改造中国社会的主流思想是被瞿秋白和王光祈式的"五四"知识分子集体取舍的结果。

Both Wang Guangqi and Qu Qiubai were intellectuals supporting social transformation during the May Fourth era, but their fates and social transformation thoughts were totally different. Wang＇s social transformation thought was based on anarchism and he advocated a non-violent and non- political revolution. Even though Qu Qiubai had been affected by anarchism, he quickly shifted to the violent and revolutionary Marxism. Apart from their different family backgrounds and different social transformation thoughts caused by their different psychological attributions to their mothers＇ death, their different views about various thoughts surging during the May Fourth era were the root cause of their boundaries of thoughts. The evolutions of Wang and Qu＇s social transformation thoughts reflected the tendency of thoughts which were divided into cultural reformism and political revolution, and it was the result of collective choices made by the May Fourth intellectuals such as Qu Qiubai and Wang Guangqi that political revolution had proved to be the mainstream thought of social transformation in China.