脑卒中患者鼻饲体位与吸入性肺炎的关系研究

Relationship between Nasal Feeding Position and Aspiration Pneumonia of Stroke Patients

目的研究脑卒中患者鼻饲体位与吸入性肺炎的关系。方法回顾性分析2010年5月—2011年12月我院收治的88例脑卒中患者的临床资料,患者均在治疗中采用鼻饲营养支持和治疗,按照患者治疗期间按所采用的鼻饲体位、方式不同,将88例患者分为两组,对照组患者44例,鼻饲时抬高床头30°左右,结束后保持患者平卧;观察组患者44例,鼻饲时根据病情调节头部抬高的角度30°～90°,取患者坐位或半卧位,结束后保持原体位30min。比较两组患者治疗后吸入性肺炎的发生率。结果治疗后观察组患者中,6例发生吸入性肺炎,发生率为13.64%,对照组患者中10例,发生率为22.73%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脑卒中患者鼻饲时将患者的头部抬高30°～90°,能够有效减少患者发生呕吐、呛咳、食物反流的现象,降低吸入性肺炎的发生率。

Objective To study the relationship between nasal feeding position and aspiration pneumonia of stroke patients.Methods 88 stroke patients from May.2010 to Dec.2012 in our hospital,were treated with nasal feeding,but divided into study group and controlled group by different nasal feeding position.The controlled group was treated with raising their head in 30°,the study group was treated with reclining position in 30°-90°.To compare the incidence of aspiration pneumonia.Results There were 6 cases accured aspiration pneumonia in study group（13.64%）,there were 10 cases accured aspiration pneumonia in controlled group（22.73%）,the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）.Conclusion Stroke patients with nasal feeding are reclining position in 30 ° - 90 °,can effectively reduce the cases of vomiting,choking cough,the phenomenon of food reflux,reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia.