医院-社区-家庭护理干预模式对2型糖尿病患者饮食控制的效果

Effect of hospital-community-family-care on diet control in patients with type 2 diabetes

目的探讨医院-社区-家庭护理干预模式用于2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者饮食控制的效果。方法将120例以2型糖尿病(T2DM)入院的患者便利分为干预组和对照组。两组患者康复出院后均给予常规饮食控制干预,干预组应用医院-社区-家庭护理干预模式进行饮食管理,评价两组患者干预前及干预后1年各类食物的日均摄入达标率;两组干预后的体质指数(BMI)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血脂变化。结果两组干预后1年,干预组的总热量、谷类、蔬菜、蛋类、禽肉类、豆类、乳类、油脂类,鱼虾类、盐的摄入达标率优于对照组(P<0.01);干预组的BMI、HbA1c、血脂各项水平均低于对照组(P<0.01),差异有统计学意义。结论医院-社区-家庭护理干预模式对T2DM患者进行饮食控制管理,能帮助患者控制血糖、体质量和血脂水平,改善饮食行为。

Objective To evaluate the effect of hospital-community-family-care on diet control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. Methods Totally 120 T2DM patients were divided into two groups. All patients received routine diet control intervention after discharge. In addition, the patients in the experimental group received hospital-community-family-care diet management. The patients＇ daily intake,body mass index（BMI）, HbAlc and blood lipids were investigated before intervention and one year after intervention. Results After intervention,the rates of adherence to recommendations of daily intake of total calorie,cereals,vegetables,eggs,meat,beans,milk,oil,fish and shrimp and salt in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P〈0.01）;the BMI, HbAlc,blood lipids in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Hospital-community-family-care diet management program can facilitate T2DM patients to control blood glucose,body weight and blood lipids and improve their diet control behaviors.