弯道取水口河冰运动特性及导冰筏优化设置

Characteristics of surface ice movement in a channel bend with intake and the layout of ice deflection booms

采用DynaRICE二维河冰模型模拟弯道及其取水口附近的水面冰运动和堆积过程,探讨弯道取水口导冰筏的优化设计。该模型耦合了水动力方程和冰动力方程,分别采用有限元法和光滑粒子流体动力学法对水动力方程和冰动力方程进行求解。模拟得到弯道取水口处水流水力特性、不同角度导冰筏下河冰运动规律及其受力情况。结果表明河冰靠弯道凹岸一侧运动,并在取水口附近及其下游堆积,横向环流对河冰运动影响可忽略,取水口上游设置角度和长度合理的导冰筏可有效阻止河冰进入引水渠。但是,下游也需设置导冰筏来防止河冰在取水口下游堆积及向上游延伸到取水口。

The two-dimensional river ice dynamic model DynaRICE is used to study the optimal design of ice deflection booms in a channel bend with an intake diversion channel. The coupled hydrodynamic and ice dynamic equations are solved by the finite element method and smooth particle hydrodynamics method, respectively. The flow characteristics and the ice movement and accumulation patterns in the channel, as well as the force on ice deflection booms are examined. The result shows that the surface ice moves along the outer bank of the bend and accumulates at downstream of the intake. The effect of the transverse circulation on surface ice movement can be neglected. Ice deflection booms with an appropriate angle and length upstream of the intake can prevent ice from entering the diversion channel. How- ever, ice can still accumulate at downstream of the intake and extend into the intake. A downstream ice boom is needed to prevent this from happening. This study provides a method for the design of ice booms to prevent the ice accumulation problem in river bend intakes.