维生素D缺乏相关性疾病研究进展

Research progress in vitamin D deficiency-related diseases

维生素D是人体必需的一种脂溶性维生素,它通过维生素D受体发挥其主要作用。近10年人们对于维生素D的关注度越来越高。根据流行病学调查,目前全球近10亿人处于维生素D不足或缺乏状态,我国人群维生素D不足现象也较为普遍。由于1,25-羟维生素D半衰期非常短,最近维生素D水平已用血清25-羟维生素D水平来描述。多种证据表明,维生素D缺乏不仅造成骨骼疾病(包括营养性佝偻病、软骨病、骨质疏松),还与多种骨骼外疾病密切相关,包括全因死亡率、心血管疾病及心血管病死亡率、代谢综合征(肥胖、糖耐量减低/糖尿病、脂代谢紊乱、高血压)、恶性肿瘤、感染、过敏性疾病及哮喘、精神及神经疾病、自身免疫性疾病、慢性肾病等。虽然使用维生素D治疗骨骼疾病已经得到广泛认可,但是治疗骨骼外疾病的疗效及远期效果还不明确。维生素D缺乏已成为全世界的公共健康问题。本文综述了近年来对维生素D缺乏相关性疾病的研究进展。

As an essential fat-soluble vitamin in human body, the main function of vitamin D is mediated by vitamin D receptor.In the past decade, vitamin D has drawn more and more attention.According to epidemiological survey, there are almost one billion people under the state of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency all over the world.And this phenomenon is very common in China. Because of the short half-life of vitamin D, more recently, the level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D has been used to describe the level of vitamin D.Several lines of evidence indicate that the vitamin D deficiency is associated with not only skeletal disorders （ including nutritional rickets, osteomalacla, and osteoporosis ） , but also non-skeletal disorders, such as mortality rate, cardiovascular disorders and mortality, metabolic syndrome （ including obesity, IGT/diabetes mellitus, lipid metabolism disorders, and hypertension） , cancer, infection, allergy and asthma, neurological and mental diseases, autoimmune diseases, and chronic kidney diseases.Although the vitamin D treatment of skeletal disorders has been widely recognized, the efficacy and long-term effect on non-skeletal disorders is not clear.Vitamin D deficiency has become a worldwide public health problem.This article reviews the research progress in vitamin D deficiency-related diseases in recent years.