崇明西滩芦苇湿地土壤酶活性特征的研究

Soil Enzyme Activities in Chongming Xitan Wetlands Dominated with Phragmites australis

[目的]为了解崇明岛西滩芦苇湿地的土壤酶活性特征,以便深入研究潮滩芦苇湿地碳源碳汇的生物学机制。[方法]分别于生长季和非生长季在崇西芦苇湿地和光滩采集不同深度的土层样品,研究土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、淀粉酶及纤维素酶的活性特征;同时,对比分析各种酶在生长季、非生长季及在不同深度下的活性变化特征;结合相关酶的特性及所研究区域的环境特征,分析相关变化特征的产生原因。[结果]芦苇湿地土壤过氧化氢酶活性在(0.20±0.01)^(0.26±0.04)ml/(h·g)之间;芦苇湿地土壤过蔗糖酶活性在(0.42±0.02)^(3.44±0.17)mg/g之间;芦苇湿地土壤淀粉酶活性在(0.018±0.004)^(1.335±0.070)mg/g之间;芦苇湿地土壤纤维素酶活性在(0.059±0.005)^(2.614±0.090)mg/g之间。[结论]崇西芦苇湿地过氧化氢酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶活性基本上呈现出表层土低于根层土的特征;过氧化氢酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶活性均表现为生长季低于非生长季的特征。这3种酶受土壤深度、季节影响较大。

[ Objective ] The research aimed to understand soil enzyme characteristics of Chongming Xitan wetlands, and further study the mi- crobiology mechanism in Chongming Xitan wetlands. [Method]Soil enzyme activities （catalase, invertase, amylase and cellulase） of Chongming Xitan wetlands with Phragmites australis had been studied. Soil samples in different soil layers were collected in growing season and nongrowing season. Enzyme activities in different layers and different seasons were analyzed. Relevant variations were analyzed combined with characters of specific enzyme and environment character of sampling sites. [ Result] Catalase activities were （0.20 ±0.01 ） - （0.26±0.04） ml/（ h · g）. Invertase activities were （0.42 ±0.02） - （3.44±0.17） mg/g. Amylase activities were （0.018 ± 0. 004） - （ 1. 335 ± 0.070） mg/g. And invertase activities were （0. 059 ± 0. 005 ） - （2. 614 ± 0.09 ） mg/g. [ Conclusion ] Catalase, amylase and cellulase activities in surface layers were higher than those in bottom layers, and those in growing season were lower than those in the non-growing season. Soil depth and seasonal shifts could cause an major influence on catalase, amylase and cellulase activities.