2008-2012年高州市手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-food-mouth disease in Gaozhou during 2008-2012

目的 分析高州市手足口病流行特征,探讨手足口病防控策略.方法 用描述性流行病学分析方法对高州市2008-2012年手足口病发病情况进行分析.结果 5年共报告手足口病发病1781例,其中重症病例16例;年平均发病率为26.79/10万,发病率最高的为2012年（87.38/10万）;全市28个乡镇街道均有病例发生,排在前3位的是石古镇（占11.12％）、潘州街道（占9.71％）、大坡镇（占8.20％）;每年发病高峰在4、5月,但在10月份有一个小高峰;发病的高危人群为0～5岁组散居儿童;重病病例病原检测以EV71为主.结论 高州市手足口病发病存在明显的季节性和人群性,防控重点应从重点时间、重点人群出发,并着力提高基层医疗卫生机构诊疗能力.

Objective To explore the prevention and control strategies of hand-food-mouth disease （HFMD） analyzing its epidemiological characteristics in Gaozhou.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the incidence of hand-food-mouth disease in Gaozhou city from 2008 to 2012.Results 1781 HFMD cases were reported in 5 years,among which 16 were severe cases.The average annual incidence was 26.79/lakh and the highest incidence was in 2012 （87.38/lakh）.HFMD occurred in the 28 towns and streets of the city; the top three towns or street were Shigu Town （11.12%）,Pangzhou Street （9.71%）,and Dapo Town （8.20%）.The peak seasons were April and May,and there was a small peak in October.The high-risk population was 0 to 5 years old children.The major pathogen in severe cases was EV71.Conclusions The epidemical status of HFMD in Gaozhou City had obvious relationship with season and population.The prevention and control strategy of HFMD should focus on time and high risk population,and improve the ability of diagnosis and treatment,basic medical and health institutions.