流水落花总关愁——宋词咏“愁”隐喻的认知解读

Running Water and Fallen Flowers Subject to Emotion of Melancholy —— A Cognitive Interpretation of Metaphors of Melancholy in Song Ci

认知语言学认为,隐喻不仅是一种修辞手段,更是人类的一种思维方式和认知工具。宋代词人常借助落花、流水、风雨、云烟等意象表达愁情。运用认知语言学的概念隐喻理论分析宋词咏"愁"的隐喻,可以将其归纳为三大类概念隐喻。这些隐喻概念以我们的经验为基础,验证了隐喻思维的普遍性和系统性,同时表现出鲜明的民族文化特征。

Cognitive linguistics holds that metaphor is not only a rhetorical device, but also a mode of thinking and cognitive tool of human beings. Ci poets in Song Dynasty are inclined to utilize fallen flowers, running water, wind, rain, cloud and mist and other images to express their emotion of melancholy. Melan- choly metaphors can be classified into three main categories by virtue of analysis based on Conceptual Met- aphor Theory. These metaphors are grounded in our experiences, verifying the ubiquitous and systematic features of metaphorical thoughts and revealing the distinct national and cultural characteristics of China.