颅脑损伤合并下呼吸道感染相关因素及预防

Related Factors and Prevention of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Traumatic Brain Injury

目的:探讨颅脑损伤合并下呼吸道感染因素及预防措施。方法:回顾性分析480例颅脑损伤患者的临床资料,比较下呼吸道感染组及按1:1比例选择的同期未发生下呼吸道感染颅脑损伤患者相关指标上等差异。结果:480例颅脑损伤患者合并下呼吸道感染共50例,发生率为10.42%(50/480),下呼吸道感染组患者平均年龄为(58.68±13.27)岁、合并意识障碍42.00%、预防使用抗菌素占72.00%、实施侵入性操作62.00%,住院时间(27.89±6.34)天,高于无下呼吸道感染组的(47.13±14.45)岁、18.00%、44.00%、32.00%、(17.56±7.12)天;下呼吸道感染组血清白蛋白平均(31.45±3.03)g/L,低于无下呼吸道感染组的(36.75±2.97)g/L(P<0.05),是引起下呼吸道感染的相关因素。结论:颅脑损伤患者并发下呼吸道感染发生率较高,影响因素复杂,应实施针对性预防措施减低下呼吸道感染的发生。

Objective：To explore the factors and preventive measures of lower respiratory tract infection of craniocerebral injury combined. Methods：Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 480 cases of craniocerebral injury patients, compared related indexes of lower respiratory tract infection group and choose according to 1：1 in the same period of not lower respiratory tract infection. Results：480 cases of craniocerebral injury patients complicated with lower respiratory tract infection 50 cases, the incidence rate was 10.42%（50/480）, The lower respiratory tract infection patients group average age was （58.68±13.27） years old,Combined with disturbance of consciousness42%, preventive use antibiotics in accounted 72%,the implementation of invasive operation 62%, hospitalization time （27.89±6.34） days was higher than without lower respiratory tract infection group （47.13±14.45） years, 18%, 44%, 32%, （17.56±7.12） days, The mean serum albumin in lower respiratory tract infection （31.45±3.03） g/L lower than that of no lower respiratory tract infection group （36.75±2.97） g/L （P〈0.05）, is caused by the factors of lower respiratory tract infection. Conclusion： Incidence was higher in patients with lower respiratory infection in traumatic brain injury, and complex influence factors, should implement the preventive measures to reduce the incidence of lower respiratory tract infection.