基于驾驶员视觉特性的草原公路直线长度研究

THE RESEARCH ON THE STRAIGHT-LINE LENGTH OF PRAIRLE HIGHWAY BASED ON HUMAN VISUAL CHARACTERISTICS

由于草原公路一般具有纵坡度小、曲线半径大、长直线多、线形变化小和景观单一等特点,因此驾驶员在驾驶过程中容易导致驾驶疲劳。针对目前草原道路上驾驶员视觉特性研究尚少的现状,本文通过在内蒙古草原公路进行实驾实验,分析在草原公路不同长度直线道路交通环境中,驾驶员的瞳孔面积变化,以及驾驶员在不同长度直线路段上眨眼持续时间变化。研究结果表明在草原道路上,直线路段设计过长会使得驾驶员更容易呈现疲劳状态,得出驾驶员在长直线路段行驶时,瞳孔面积随直线长度增加呈先增大后减小趋势,眨眼持续时间变长,更容易发生视觉疲劳,这将为草原公路线形设计的原则和方法的修正提供理论依据。

Because prairie highway has some characteristics, such as low longitudinal slope, long curve radius, many long straight lines, small alignment change, and monotonous landscape etc. Therefore drivers will be easy to cause driving fatigue in the process of driving. The researches on drivers＇visual characteristic have rarely been reported in the prairie road. By real driving test in grassland highway of the Inner Mongolia, The drivers＇pupil area change and the blink continuous time change in the different length of straight - line road have been analyzed. The research results indicates that if the straight - line is too long so that the drivers will be easy to cause fatigue in the prairie road, it is concluded that drivers＇pupil area showed such a trend that pupil area gets larger at first, then it gets smaller with increase of the straight - line length, and the blink continuous time change longer, so it is easier for drivers to present state of fatigue which will provide theoretical basis for principle and methods to prairie highway alignment design.