高炉适宜死铁层深度综述

Review on Appropriate Salamander Depth of Blast Furnaces

制约中国高炉长寿的关键环节在炉缸区域,铁水环流是造成炉缸象脚侵蚀的主要原因.阐明了死料柱在高炉生产过程中坐沉与浮起时对炉缸寿命的影响,综述了部分炼铁工作者采用试验模型、理论分析、解剖调查、数据回归等手段对高炉适宜死铁层深度的研究成果,归纳总结出3种不同观点：死铁层深度与炉缸直径之比大于25％,22％～25％,15％～20％,为高炉死铁层深度设计提供了参考依据.加深死铁层深度有利于减轻铁水环流,防止象脚侵蚀,是大势所趋.

The key of restricting blast furnace long campaign was in hearth area. Circuiting flow of hot metal was one of reasons for the elephant foot type erosion in hearth. The effects of dead-man state （sinking or floating） on flowing hot metal in hearth were investigated. The suitable salamander depths of blast furnaces were introduced through using experimental model, theoretical analysis, anatomical investigations and data regression. Three dif- ferent points are summarized; salamander depth with the ratio of hearth diameter is greater than 25%, or between 22 % and 250%, or between 15 % and 20 %. It points out deepening the salamander depth is helpful for alleviating circuiting flow of hot metal and preventing elephant foot type erosion in hearth.