银川市1960—2009年参考作物蒸散量变化特征研究

Change Characteristics of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration in Past 50 Years in Yinchuan Municipality

基于作物蒸散量在区域水循环过程与水资源利用中的关键作用,选取银川市1960—2009年气温、相对湿度、风速和日照时数等气象要素长期观测资料,采用Penman-Monteith公式对银川市参考作物蒸散量进行了估算,运用Mann-Kendall检验法对参考作物蒸散量的变化特征进行分析。结果表明:银川市近50年参考作物蒸散量呈增加趋势,20世纪60年代呈平稳状态,70、80年代开始缓慢上升,90年代出现突变,显著增加。

Based on the crucial role of the crop evapotranspiration in the regional hydrological cycle and water resources utilization, the long-term observation data of the meteorological factors such as the air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and duration of sunshine of Yinchuan municipality during 1960--2009 were selected and the reference crop evapotranspiration （ETo） of Yinchuan municipality was calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation and the change characteristics of ETo was analyzed using the methods of Mann-Kendall test. The results show that the ETo in the past 50 years in Yinchuan municipality had a increasing trend. During the 1960s in the twentieth century the ETo showed a stable status and it began slow increasing in the 1970s and 1980s and appeared a sudden change in 1990s and increased significantly.