近10年外来入侵昆虫风险分析的研究现状及主要进展

Current status and major progress on the risk analysis of invasive alien insects over the last decade

随着经济全球化的加速发展,外来入侵昆虫对世界各国农林业、生态环境、社会经济和人类健康造成的影响日趋严重。近10年来,关于外来入侵昆虫风险分析的相关研究备受重视,发展迅速;在研究对象类别中,鞘翅目昆虫居多,占所有入侵昆虫的32.21%,其次为双翅目和膜翅目,最小的为缨翅目,仅占1.44%。风险分析主要包括入侵途径、适生范围及风险等级、传播扩散、经济和生态影响等层面;其中以适生性风险分析研究最多,占43.41%。深入开展入侵昆虫的风险分析,对防范和阻截其传入、扩散和蔓延具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

With the rapid development of economic globalization, impacts of invasive alien insects on agriculture and forestry, eco- logical environment, socio-economy and human health are getting increasingly serious and of great concern. Over the last decade, risk assessment of invasive alien insects has become an important and fast-progressing research area in the invasive biology. The pest risk assessment is a comprehensive area of research, mainly involving invasion pathway, geographical distribution and climate- and host-suitable area, potential range of spread, and economic and ecological impacts, etc. The order-specific data reveal that Coleop- tera is the largest taxon of insects with high risks, which accounts for 32.21% of the total studied species, followed by Diptera and Hymenoptera. Thysanoptera and isopteran are the least represented taxa, accounting for less than 2% of the risks. The analytical component of the assessment on the climate- and host-suitable area of invasive insects tends to be the most documented, accounting for 43.41% of the invasive risk assessment on insects. Further research on the risk assessment of invasive pests will be theoretically and practically important in preventing and interdicting the intrusion and spread of the alien pest insects.