转基因(Bn-csRRM2)高产棉花的荒地生存竞争能力

Survival competitiveness of transgenic( Bn-csRRM2) high-yield cotton in non-cultivated land

[背景]转基因作物在商业化种植之前,必须评价其环境安全性.其中,荒地生存竞争能力是转基因作物环境安全性评价的重要内容之一.[方法]以转基因（Bn-csRRM2）高产棉为观察品种,受体材料中棉所12及转基因（Bt＋CpTI）抗虫棉中棉所79为对照品种,分别于2013年4月底和5月底在荒地用地表撒播和3 cm深播2种方式播种,并于5～9月份对棉花存活率、株高、茎直径、果枝数、蕾铃数等生长参数进行比较,检测、评价其荒地竞争能力及杂草化风险.[结果]无论是撒播还是深播,荒地中棉花长势均较弱,表现为生长缓慢、植株矮小、生育期延迟.4月底播种的棉花至9月底未见棉铃;5月底播种的棉花有个别植株能够结铃,但铃数少且小,无吐絮铃.[结论与意义]转基因高产棉在荒地中无竞争优势,不能繁殖传代,无杂草化风险.本研究为转基因棉花环境安全评价技术的完善提供了理论依据.

[ Background ] Environmental safety assessment of transgenic crop is required before its commercial cultivation. The sur- vival competitiveness assessments of transgenic crop in non-cultivated land is one of the most important methods currently used to en- sure safety once commercialized. [ Method ] Three experiment materials were put in trial, including transgenic （Bn-csRRM2） high- yield cotton, which was the observed species, and the receptor variety CCRI 12 and transgenic （Bt ＋ CpTI） insect-resistant cotton CCRI 79, which were the check test varieties. The three materials were seeded on the earth＇s surface and under 3 cm depth of the earth in late April and late May. We compared the growth indexes among cotton varieties for each month from April to September, including survival rate, plant height, stem diameter, sympodial branch number, and bud and boll number, in order to testing and e- valuating their survival competitiveness in non-cultivated land and the risk of weediness. [ Result ] Cotton growing in non-cuhivated land was weak and stunted with slow and retarded growth. Plants sowing in late April were weak, and there was no boll until late September. Only a very few cottons sowing in late May could produce a few small bolls without cracked boll. [ Conclusion and sig- nificance] Transgenic high-yield cotton has no competitive advantage and reproductive capacity, and then no weediness potential. This study could make help for the assessment of environment safety of transgenic cotton.