如画:发现、建造与想象

Picturesque: discovery,construction and imagination

回顾历史,在如画变成美学范畴的过程中,有许多美学家都做出了积极的贡献,其中吉尔平、普利斯和奈特的贡献最大,他们关于如画的界定,刚好涉及发现、建造和想象三个不同的方面。通过对他们三人有关如画的论述的梳理,我们可以获得对如画范畴更加全面的把握。作为美学范畴的如画,所描绘的是一种存在于心灵之中的心象或者意象。这种认识十分重要,它不仅加深了我们对于审美经验和审美对象的认识,而且可以避免对自然的不恰当的改造。

Among the contributors to the introduction of picturesque into aesthetics,Gilpin,Price and Knight made the greatest efforts.To review their works about picturesque helps bring us closer to the full picture of this aesthetic ideal.In aesthetics,picturesque is an image in mind;this perception is instrumental for us in understanding aesthetic experience and subjects and avoiding reckless actions when changing nature.