西方“人的安全”理论与实践评析

Theory and practice of human security in the West

"人的安全"是西方国家在冷战后提出的国际主张,它主要包括经济、食物、健康、环境、人身、社会和政治安全等七个要素,具有普遍性、以人为本、独立性和早期预防四项基本特征并基于保护和赋权这两个相互强化的支柱。在机制建设等方面,"人的安全"取得了一定的成就。由于其定义的模糊性、没有实质的新意、与人权和发展问题重叠等缺陷,联合国和一些国家相继放弃或削弱了对"人的安全"的支持。但近年来的动向表明,"人的安全"正在从1.0版向2.0版发展,欧盟成为实施和领导"人的安全"议程的中心。

Human security as a post-Cold War concept emerged in some western countries have seven categories of economic security,food security,health security,environmental security,personal security,community security and political security.Regardless of the achievements it has made,its flaws like vague definition,repetition of other concepts and overlapping with human rights and development have made it lose support in the UN and some countries.But the last few years have seen the development of the second generation of human security,and EU has become the leader in implementing the human security program.