女性流动人口计划生育免费服务制约因素研究

Constraints of free family planning service of female migrants

目的:了解流动人口计划生育基本免费服务利用制约因素,提出对策建议以促进流动人口计划生育免费服务的可获得性。方法:定量与定性研究相结合,对原国家人口和计划生育委员会2012年流动人口动态监测数据进行分析,同时在流动人口和计划生育服务管理人员中开展个人深度访谈和座谈。结果:流动人口计划生育免费服务比例地区差异大,免费手术比例有限。制约因素包括结算标准缺乏定期调整机制,缺乏机构级别的区分,部分标准过低;以《流动人口婚育证明》为免费前提,制约了服务利用;服务机构工作时间与工作繁忙的流动人口服务利用之间存在矛盾;信息传播及时性不足。结论:建议加强服务信息宣传的及时性;加强信息网络建设,取消《流动人口婚姻证明》为免费前提的规定;定期调整免费服务结算标准,规范不同级别机构的收费标准;加强科学评估。

Objective：To explore constraints of family planning service of female migrants and provide related suggestion to improve access of service free of charge.Methods：Qualitative and quantitative analyses including data analysis of 2012 surveillance of migrants in China and individual depth interview and focus group discussion among migrants and service providers were conducted.Results：The proportion of family planning operation free of charge was limited in comparison with condom/oral contraceptive supply.Free proportions were varied in different areas.Constraints were as follows：lack of periodical adjust of standard of free of charge,lack of various standard levels for service institutions at different levels,requirement of ＂marriage and child rearing proof of migrants＂ as premise of free of charge,unsuitable service time,lack of information of service provision such as address and contact information of service clinics.Conclusion：It is recommended to increase the timeliness of IEC on related service information among migrant,and to improve information network construction,and cancel the provision of ＂Marriage and child rearing proof of migrants＂ as a requirement of free service.Moreover,it is suggested to adjust price of services periodically,and to balance the price among service centers at different levels,and to strengthen the scientific monitoring and evaluation.