现代国家建设中的一种政治智慧——兼论西方民粹政治的冲击及其制度根源

Political Wisdom in the Modern State Construction——Together with the Discussion on the Impact and the Institutional Sources of the Western Populism

从现实社会来观察,全球化时代的民粹主义不仅在国家政治中存在,在国际政治中同样存在。"阿拉伯之春"和"占领华尔街"运动不约而同地被打上了民粹主义标签,说明民粹政治正经历一场世界性的复苏。在中东与欧美的制度差异背后,民粹政治复苏的制度根源却是相似的。经济危机时期会激发大众要求公平分配的渴望,如果制度反应迟缓或不当,还会激发底层反抗。同时,由于民间信任网络与公共政治之间缺乏沟通,更会造成公众对国家政治的信任失落,进而为民粹政治打开通行之门。

From the perspective of reality, the populism in the era of globalization exists not only in domestic politics, but also in international politics. The mass movements such as the Arab Spring and Occupy Wall Street were invariably labeled as populism, which means the populist politics is undergoing a worldwide revival. How- ever, behind the institutional differences between the Middle East and the Western countries, there are some similar sources in the recovery of populist politics. Crisis time will stimulate the public＇s desire for distributive justice. That the nation cannot response timely and appropriately will cause the grass-root＇s revolt. Meanwhile, due to the lack of communication between social trust network and public politics, the public may lose confidence in the political system, which will lead to populist politics.