矿山救护队员心理素质现状调查

Investigation on the psychological quality of mine rescue staff

目的 评价救护队员心理素质水平,并探讨影响救护队员心理素质的各种因素.方法 采用随机整群抽样法抽取唐山市矿山一线救护队队员310名,采用白行设计的心理素质测量工具,包括艾森克人格问卷、注意力、意志力测试量表及反应敏捷性测试工具,在安静状态下测试救护队员的心理素质,同时调查其年龄、工龄、性别、文化程度、吸烟饮酒等资料.对救护队员的情绪及心理素质影响因素进行分析.结果 矿山救护队员中,0.6％ （2/310）的队员意志力薄弱;6.5％ （20/310）的队员注意力不集中;20.7％（64/310）的队员情绪不稳定.年龄20 ～ 29岁组E、N因子得分[（12.7＆#177;4.3）、（12.1＆#177;5.1）分]高于30 ～ 39、40 ～ 49、50 ～ 59岁组[E因子分别为（11.4＆#177;3.9）、（10.6＆#177;3.7）、（10.7＆#177;3.9）分;N因子分别为（11.0＆#177;5.1）、（9.4＆#177;4.9）、（6.3＆#177;3.4）分,FE=4.28、FN=11.35,P值均＜0.01];40～49、50～ 58岁年龄组L因子得分[（13.0＆#177;4.2）、（14.8＆#177;3.6）分]高于20～ 29、30～39岁组[（11.5＆#177;3.8）、（12.2＆#177;3.8）分,F=6.08,P＜0.01].多元逐步回归分析后发现,救护队员心理素质的主要影响因素是救援工龄（β ＆#39;E因子=-0.12,β＆#39;意志力=-0.12）、年内参加救援次数（β＆#39;咽子=0.12,β＆#39;N因子=-0.14）、战备值班（β＆#39;L因子=0.16,β＆#39;目标追踪错误数=-0.16）、日常训练（β＆#39;注意力=0.22,β＆#39;目标追踪正确数=-0.18）及年内生活事件（β＆#39;N因子=-0.14,β＆#39;L因子=0.13,p＆#39;目标追踪正确数=-0.18）.结论 矿山救护队员心理素质水平较高,工龄长、年内参加救援次数及年内生活事件会影响救护队员的心理素质.

Objectives To evaluate the psychological quality and its influencing factors of mine rescue staff.Methods A total of 310 on front line rescue staff from the mines in Tangshan were sampled by random cluster sampling method.Our own designed measurement tools for psychological quality,including Eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ）,attention test scale,willpower test scale and reactive agility test were used to investigate the psychological quality of mine rescue staff.All tests were conducted in quiet state.Other information including age,length of service for rescue,sex,education,smoking and drinking,and so on were collected at the same time.The mood and influencing factors on psychological quality of the rescue staff were also analyzed.Results The personality traits of mine rescue staff are close to the national norm.0.6% （2/310） staff showed weak willpower.20.7% （64/310）staff had unstable mood.The E and N factor scores in 20-29 years old group （12.7 ＆#177;4.3 and 12.1 ＆#177;5.1） were higher than 30-39,40-49,50-59 years old groups （E factor scores：11.4 ＆#177; 3.9,10.6 ＆#177; 3.7 and 10.7 ＆#177; 3.9 ; N factor scores：11.0 ＆#177; 5.1,9.4 ＆#177; 4.9 and 6.3 ＆#177; 3.4,respectively） （FE =4.28,FN =11.35,all P 〈 0.01）.The L factor score in 40-49 and 50-58 years old groups （13.0 ＆#177;4.2 and 14.8 ＆#177;3.6） were higher than 20-29 and 30-39 years old groups （11.5 ＆#177; 3.8 and 12.2 ＆#177; 3.8） （F =6.08,P 〈0.01）.Multivariate analysis found that the psychological quality of mine rescue staff was mainly influenced by the length of service （β＆#39;E factor =-0.12,β＆#39;wi11power =-0.12）,the amount of participating rescue （β＆#39;P factor =0.12,β＆#39;N factor =-0.14）,alerting duty （β＆#39;L factor =0.16,β ＆#39;error number of target tracking =-0.161）,daily training （β＆#39;attention =0.22,β＆#39;tota1 number of aimed at the test =-0.18） and life events （β＆#39; n factor =-0.14,β＆#39;L factor =0.13,β＆#39;rorreet number of target tracking =-0.18）.Conclusion The mine rescue staff had high level psychological quality,length of service.the amount of participating rescue,and life events in the year effect the psychological quality of mine rescue staff.