生产补贴对企业出口的促进作用——基于剂量反应函数的实证分析

Promoting Effect of Production Subsidies on Firm Export: An Empirical Analysis Based on Dose Response Function

本文以我国2005-2011年期间持续存在的微观企业为截面构建非平衡面板数据,以企业的人均受补贴强度作为连续处理变量,基于广义倾向评分匹配方法的剂量反应函数分析了政府生产补贴对企业出口的影响,结果发现政府生产补贴有助于我国企业出口的持续增长,但其促进作用总体上会随着人均受补贴强度的增加而呈下降趋势;分地区、分所有制、分企业资金来源、分要素密集程度不同的比较表明,对于同一政府补贴强度而言的企业出口的剂量反应函数值,东部企业大于中西部企业、外资企业大于内资企业、私营企业大于国有企业、资本密集型企业大于劳动密集型企业。上述结论的一个重要政策含义在于,政府在持续补贴的过程中需要慎重选择优先补贴的对象。

Based on unbalanced panel data of micro presence from 2005 to the government to the 2011 and taking the intensity of firms with continuous per capita subsidies of firms as the sequential treatment variable, this paper uses generalized propensity score matching method and dose response function to ana- lyze the impact of production subsidies on the export of firms. The results show that production subsidies can help promote export growth of firms, but the pro- moting effect declines with the increase in intensity of per capita production sub- sidies. A comparative study on the impact of production subsidies on the export of firms of different regions, ownerships, capital sources and factor intensive de- grees shows that that the promoting effect of the subsidies on export in eastern China is greater than those in central and western China, that on foreign enter- prises is greater than that on internal enterprises, that on the private sector is greater than that on state-owned enterprises, and that on capital-intensive firms are greater than that on labor-intensive firms. An important policy implication of the above conclusions is that the government needs to prudently choose the prior subject for continuous subsidies.