从泰语和中文教学看中泰两国关系之发展

An Observation of Bilateral Relationship Development between China and Thailand through Language Education Programs

中国的泰语教学和泰国的中文教学具有悠久的历史,它的兴衰和发展,实际反映了两国关系的发展史。从公元1至15世纪,两国的交往主要靠"重译",即通过第3种语言转译。直至公元1578年明朝政府在四夷馆中开设暹罗馆,中国才有了官办的泰语教学。20世纪成立的南京东方语专是近现代中国泰语教学之滥觞。泰国的中文教学始于阿瑜托耶王朝时期,二战以前泰国华校亦是照搬中国学校的办学模式。二战以后泰国政府限制中文教学,致使泰国通晓中文的人才出现断层。中泰建交后两国的政治、经济、文化交流日益发展,催生了中国的泰语教学和泰国的中文教学的迅猛发展,具体的调查数字说明中泰双语教学的蓬勃兴旺,由此反映并进一步促进两国战略合作伙伴关系的发展。

Teaching of Thai language in China and teaching of Chinese language in Thailand have a long history. Its rise and fall and development in fact reflected the political relationship between the two couniries. During the period from 1 st to 15th century, the communications between Chinese and Thai required ＂Tri-way Translation＂, i. e., communicating through a third language. Until 1578 of the Ming Dynasty there appeared the first official education program for Chinese learning Thai in China. The College of Nanjing Oriental Languages established in the 20th century started the Thai language teaching in modem China. The Chinese education program started in the Ayutthaya Dynasty in Thailand. Before the World War II, the Chinese schools in Thailand imitated the Chinese educational form. After World War II, the Thai government restricted the Chinese Education in Thailand, which resulted in the lack of proficient Chinese speakers in Thailand. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Thailand in 1975, the cultural and economic exchange has rap- idly developed, which led to the demand of bilingual speakers and development of Chinese teaching in Thailand and Thai teaching in China. The concrete investigation in this paper illustrated the vigorous development of Chinese-Thai bilingual education, which reflected and promoted the development of strategic partnerships between China and Thailand.