不同稻蟹生产模式对土壤有机无机复合状况的影响

Effects of Different Rice-Crab Production Modes on Organo-Mineral Complex Status in Soil

采取田间定位试验与室内分析相结合的方法，研究了有机稻蟹、常规稻蟹与单作水稻生产模式对土壤有机无机复合状况的影响。结果表明，与试前相比，2009年和2010年有机稻蟹模式可显著提高土壤有机碳和重组有机碳含量（增幅分别为9.81%~25.13%和5.29%~14.73%；20.93%~44.09%和12.44%~28.45%），提高原土复合量和追加复合量，降低原土复合度，且有机肥用量越大，效果越显著；常规稻蟹模式各指标的变化也有其类似的规律，但均明显低于有机稻蟹模式；单作水稻模式的土壤有机碳、重组有机碳含量和原土复合量显著下降。因此，有机稻蟹生产模式不仅能显著增加土壤有机质的数量，而且能提高土壤有机质的质量，促进土壤有机无机复合体的形成，提高土壤肥力。

Field experiments and laboratory analysis were conducted to investigate effects of organic rice-crab, conventional rice-crab and rice monoculture production modes on organo-mineral complex status in soil. Results showed that the contents of soil organic carbon and heavy humus in the organic rice-crab modes increased significantly by 9.81%~25.13% and 5.29%~14.73%, respectively in 2009, 20.93%~44.09% and 12.44%~28.45%, respectively in 2010. At the same time, the quantity of organo-mineral complex and additional organo-mineral complex were also increased, but the degree of organo-mineral complex decreased, and this effect was greater with increasing amounts of organic manure. A similar but less significant trend was also observed between the organic and conventional rice-crab production modes. The contents of soil organic carbon, heavy humus and the quantity of organo-mineral complex significantly declined in the rice monoculture. Our results suggest that the organic rice-crab production mode can not only improve the quantity and quality of soil organic carbon, but also promote the formation of organo-mineral complex in soils and increase soil fertility.