生物质炭对喀斯特山区连作蔬菜地土壤有效养分及水分的影响

Influence of Applying Biochar on Soil Available Nutrients and Soil Moisture at Continuous Vegetation Plantations of Karst Hilly Areas

以贵阳市城郊区长期种植蔬菜和玉米的土壤为研究对象，以生物质炭土壤改良剂为试材，研究了生物质炭对连作蔬菜地土壤有效养分及水分含量的影响。结果表明：长期连作蔬菜的土壤有效磷出现明显的积累，对连作蔬菜地土壤施用生物质炭后，能明显提高土壤有效钾的含量，其次是提高有效氮的含量；当生物质炭用量为5％～15％时，土壤有效氮、有效磷及有效钾含量分别增加了10．48％～42．85％、3．09％～16．49％和11．61％～61．02％，而土壤含水量也提高了4．5％～14．0％；此外，土壤表面覆盖生物质炭也能较明显增加土壤含水量，但作用效果小于土壤中施用等量的生物质炭。

Taking soil that vegetables and corn grew in Guiyang suburbs as the object, using biochar as material,the effect of applying biochar on soil available nutrients and soil water were explored. The results showed that soil available phosphorus was significantly increased under continuous vegetation plantations. Applying biochar could mainly increased soil available potassium,followed by available nitrogen. When the amount of applying biochar was increased from 5% to 15%,soil available N,P and K were increased by up to 10. 48%-42. 85%,3. 09%--16. 49% and 11.61%-61.02%, respectively;while soil moisture was raised up to 4. 5%-14. 0%. Covering bioehar on surface soil was also increased soil moisture, but the effect was less than applying biochar.