中国出口产品品质变动之谜：基于市场进入的微观解释

The Mystery of Changes in the Quality of China's Exports:A Micro-level Explanation Based on Market Entry

利用2000—2006年HS8分位数中国海关统计数据,从市场进入的视角,对中国出口产品品质演化的微观机制进行分析发现,新出口关系的进入是出口快速增长的最大推动力,但新进入出口关系的品质远低于市场平均水平。在市场进入方式上,中国出口企业尤其是民营企业和东部地区企业,倾向于以价格竞争的方式进入市场。大量低品质出口关系进入出口市场,是造成入世后中国出口产品品质持续下滑的主要原因。由传统的价格竞争向以品质提升为核心的非价格竞争转变,是加快中国外贸发展方式转型的必经之途。

This article uses the HS8Code of China Customs Statistics for 2000-2006to analyze the micro-level mechanisms underlying changes in the quality of China's exports from the perspective of market entry.We find that entry of new export relationships is the biggest force driving rapid export growth,but the quality of these newly entered export relationships is far lower than the market average.With regard to method of market entry,export companies in China,especially private companies and those in the eastern region,tend to enter the market through price competition.The fact that a large number of low quality export relationships are entering the market is the main reason for the sustained fall in the quality of export goods.To accelerate the transformation of China's foreign trade development mode,it is imperative to change from traditional competition on price to non-price competition centered on quality upgrading.