检测梅毒3种试验方法的比较与探讨

Comparison and discussion of detection of TP in three test methods

目的分析承德市疾控中心体检科梅毒血清学检测状况,探讨影响梅毒检测结果的诸多因素,为预防控制梅毒的流行提供科学依据。方法采用免疫学方法对2012年承德市市区从业人员进行梅毒检测,并对收集的数据进行统计分析。结果 13 460名从业人员中,ELISA检出梅毒阳性病例42例,阳性率约0.31%;梅毒螺旋体明胶颗粒凝集试验检出梅毒阳性病例39例,阳性率约0.29%;TRUST检出梅毒阳性病例45例,阳性率约0.33%。3种实验都是阳性的35例,阳性率0.26%。结论 ELISA适合做筛查试验,TPPA适合做确证试验,TRUST根据其滴度则适用于判定病情的严重程度及是否有传染性,3种试验联合应用成本低、耗时少、准确率高,既可以筛查出具有传染性的梅毒携带者,从传染源上控制梅毒的传播,又使得已经治愈的梅毒携带者获得从业的机会。

Objective We analyzed the situation of serological detection of syphilis made by the department of physical examination of Chengde centers for diseases control and prevention （CDC） and discussed on the vari-ous factors affecting the detection＇s result in order to provide scientific guidance for preventing and controlling the spread of syphilis. Methods The immunological method was used to detect the anti - TP of the employees from Chengde city in 2012. Results Among the 13460 employees, 42 people were tested positive for syphilis by ELISA with a positive rate at about 0. 31% ; 39 people were tested positive by TPPA with a positive rate at 0. 29% and 45 people were tested positive by TRUST with a positive rate at 0.33%. 35 people were tested positive for syphilis by all the three test methods and the positive rate was 0. 26%. Conclusions ELISA is suit-able for screening test, TPPA for confirmatory test and TRUST for determining severity and infectivity of the disease according to its titer. Adopting the three test methods together, can lower the cost, lessen the time consumption and improve the accuracy, can not only sift out the carriers of infective syphilis thus to control the spread of the disease from the source of infection, but also make the carriers who have been cured regain work.