呼吸内科住院患者口腔感染调查及危险因素分析

Risk factors for oral infections in hospitalized patients of department of respiratory medicine

目的了解呼吸内科住院患者口腔感染的感染率、病原菌分布及其相关危险因素,为防治呼吸内科住院患者口腔感染提供科学依据。方法回顾性调查医院呼吸内科2010年1月-2011年12月收治的2 908例住院患者临床资料,对口腔感染危险因素进行单因素分析,并对差异有统计学意义的因素行logistic多因素回归分析,所有数据采用SPSS 11.0软件进行统计分析。结果呼吸内科住院患者口腔感染55例,感染率为1.9%;其中以口腔假丝酵母菌属感染最多见,占72.73%,检出病原菌以白色假丝酵母菌为主,占84.21%;单因素及logistic多因素回归分析表明,恶性肿瘤和吸入激素是口腔感染的独立危险因素。结论呼吸内科住院患者口腔感染感染率较高,以口腔黏膜假丝酵母菌感染最为常见,医护人员应根据其特点采取有效措施加以预防控制。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of oral infections in hospitalized patients of department of respiratory medicine, distribution of pathogens, and related risk factors so as to provide guidance for prevention of oral infections. METHODS The clinical data of 2 908 patients who were hospitalized in the department of respirato- ry medicine from Jan 2010 to Dec 2011 were retrospectively investigated, then the univariate analysis was conduc- ted for the risk factors for the oral infections, the multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for the factors that had significant differences, and all the data were analyzed with the use of SPSS 11. 0 software. RESULTS The oral infections occurred in 55 cases of hospitalized patients with the infection rate of 1.9%, among which 72.73% were infected with oral Candida. Candida albicans was the predominant species of pathogen, accounting for 84. 21%. The univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the malignant tumor and inhaled corticosteroids were the independent risk factors for the oral infections. CONCLUSION The incidence of oral infections is high in the hospitalized patients of department of respiratory medicine, and the oral mucosa infections caused by Candida are the most common. It is necessary for the medical staff to take effective measures according to the characteristics.