看守所制度的规则系统检视与建构

The Review and Reinforce of the Detention House's Regulatory Systems

看守所制度的规则系统具有形式上零散、内容上发展不平衡、演变滞后、规则内容和形式均相对封闭、演变方向明确的特征。产生前述状态的原因是看守所的地位不明确、基于犯罪是"邪恶的"的传统文化而产生的被羁押人员是"邪恶的"的认识、看守所制度规则的零散化和相对秘密化。看守所制度规则系统应当附属于刑事诉讼法的母系统,包括调整看守所和被羁押人员的关系、看守所与司法机关之间的关系、看守所和辩护人及诉讼代理人的关系以及保障看守所秩序的规范。这些规范在形式上表现为全国立法机构制定的法律、为保障法律实施的各种解释、看守所的内部管理规则和外部秩序保障规范的三级规范。

Regulatory systems of the detention house possess the characteristic of being separated in form, im- balanced in content and relatively closed. Owing to an ambiguous law status, its separate and relatively secret sys- tematic rules and the conventional belief that all the detainees are evil, the detention house lags far behind in devel- opment despite a definite direction. As a special subsystem of the Criminal Procedural Law, regulatory systems of the detention house are supposed to regulate the relationship, between detention house and detainees, detention house and the judicial authorities, detention house and the defenders and the victims＇ agents , thus the legal order in the detention house can be secured. The concrete forms of these regulatory systems consist of three levels system- atically, namely, laws made by the national legislature, various interpretations of the law to guarantee law enforce- ment, and the detention house＇s internal management rules and regulations to guarantee external order.