卢卡奇青年时期对自然概念的理解——对《历史与阶级意识》及《尾巴主义与辩证法》中自然概念的考察

Lukacs' Understanding of the Concept of Nature in His Youth period——The Research on the Concept of Nature in HistoryandClass Consciousnessand Tailism and Dialectic

卢卡奇在《历史与阶级意识》中提出的"自然是一个社会范畴"这个命题可以说是毁誉参半。国际共产主义运动内部理论家几乎无一例外地将其视为"唯心主义"、"修正主义",而许多西方马克思主义者,如科尔施、马尔库塞、萨特等人却奉之为圭臬。本文就"自然"这个概念在卢卡奇转入马克思主义并参加革命活动之初所指含义进行较为深入的分析,指出卢卡奇对"自然"概念社会性理解是为了揭露现代科学意识具有的资本主义意识形态性质,从而打破物化意识的僵局。

The proposition ＇Nature is a social category＇ Lukacs put forward in History and Class Consciousness has a mixed reputation. Theorists within the international communist move- ment thundered against it as ＂idealism＂ or/and ＂revisionism＂, while many Western Marxists, like Korsch, Marcuse, Sartre took it as important principle. This paper analyzes the concept of ＇na- ture＇, which was used by Lukacs in the period when he just became a Marxist and participated in revolutionary activities, and points out the purpose of Lukacs＇ social understanding of＇nature＇ is to reveal modern science＇s capitalist ideology, thus break the deadlock of reified consciousness.