用意的范畴化新探

Categorizing Force and Its Theoretical Significance: Part VI of Studies on Pragmatic Theories

学术界以往对用意的分类有诸多不足,以至于不能充分解释实际的交际现象。从命题的视角,把用意分为命题性用意和非命题性用意,二者的区分在于是否关注和能够确定示意手段中的命题内容。这两种用意根据语境所起作用又分别可以分为字面用意和语境用意。用意这一分类的最大理论意义在于能够解决Searle间接言语行为定义中存在的致命缺陷。

There are holes in the traditional theories of classifying illocutionary force so that they are not capable of justifying some cases of human communication. From the perspective of proposition, force is divided into propositional and non-propositional force. Whether propositional content is emphasized or certain is the criterion to distinguish propositional force from non-propositional force. The two kinds of force, according to the role of context in their interpretation, can be both divided into literal and contextual force. The real theoretical significance of the study lies in the fact that new light can be shed on the demerits of Searle＇s definition of indirect speech act.