帕提亚人的斯基泰渊源--文献与考古学证据

The Scythian Origin of Parthians:Literary and Archaeological Evidences

帕提亚人在不同的历史时期所指不同。阿黑美尼德时期的帕提亚人是希腊人对波斯帝国境内帕提亚地区早期居民的称呼,而通常意义上的帕提亚人是古典作家对阿尔萨息王朝缔造者的统称,即文章所论述的帕提亚人。文献材料告诉我们,帕提亚人是斯基泰人的一支。考古材料不仅证实了文献关于帕提亚人源出于斯基泰的记载,而且细致地反映了帕提亚人所具有的斯基泰草原文化的内涵。从帕提亚历史的发展进程来说,正是帕提亚人生活和习俗具有的斯基泰游牧文化特征奠定了帕提亚帝国成就的基础。

Parthians were actually different peoples in different historical periods.Parthians during the Achaemenid period were the name of the early inhabitants of the Parthian area in the Persian Empire called by the Greek,and Parthians in the usual sense were the joint name called by classical writers for the founders of Arsacid Dynasty,which are Parthians discussed in this article.Archaeological materials have not only verified the records in literatures regarding the idea that Parthians originated from Scythians,but also have carefully reflected the Scythian prairie cultural connotation owned by Parthians.From the perspective of development process of the history of Parthia,it was Scythian nomadic cultural features owned by Parthians' life and customs that established the foundation for achievements of the Parthian Empire.