大豆寡糖对断奶仔猪生产性能、腹泻及相关生化指标影响的研究

Effect of Soybean Oligosaccharides on The Performance and Diarrhea Occurrence in Weanling Piglets

选用９５头２８日龄断奶，体重约８ｋｇ杜长大三元杂交猪．随机分到４个处理组、０－２１ｄ，处理１为对照组，玉米－奶粉型无豆粕日粮，处理２和３为在对照日粮中分别添加１．１％和２．２％（商品制剂水苏糖，水苏糖水平分别为１％和２％。处理４为玉米－豆粕型日粮，水苏糖和棉籽糖水平分别为０．７８％和０．２１％。各日粮的能量和氨基酸水平相同。２２～３５ｄ各处理采用同一种玉米－豆粕型日粮。结果表明，断奶后头２周，１％、２％水苏糖和豆粕组的平均日增重分别比对照组降低７．１９％、３５．８９％和 １２．８０％，且２％水苏糖组与对照组差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。２％水苏糖组猪的采食量比对照组降低１４．１８％．与叶照组相比，２％水苏糖组的耗料增重比显著提高（２．１６对１．５２）（Ｐ＜０．０５）。第３周的生产性能结果来看，１％２％水苏糖的平均日增重比对照组分别降低２５．７２％和３５．８９％，且２％水苏糖组与对照组差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）。与对照组相比，豆粕组的平均日增重降低２８．４９％，且略低于１％水苏糖组。与豆粕组相比，４～５周对照组１％和２％水苏糖组猪的生长速度分别提高２０．８３％、１７．８０％和１１．０４％，且耗料增重比降低。

crossed piglets (D×LW×L) weaned at 28 days, weighted about eight kg were randomly allotted into four dietary treatments with four pens per treatment and 6 pigs per pen according to the initial body weight and gender. For 0- 21 days, treatment one was the control, corn- milk powder type diet; the diets for treatment 2 and 3 were added 1.1% and 2.2% commercial stachyose respectively, so that the stachyose level were 1% and 2%. The diet for treatment 4 was corn-soybean meal type diet, the stachyose and raffinose levels were 0. 78% and 0. 21% actually, The available amino acids and metabolic energy levels were the same among four treatments. For 22-35days, the same corn-soybean meal type diet was available for the four treatments. The results indicated that the average daily gain of pigs in treatment 2, 3 and 4 for day 0-14 days after weanling decreased .7.19%, 35. 89% and 12.80% respectively than that in control. Comparing to control, 2% stachyose differ significantly (P<0. 05). The average daily feed intake of 2% stachyose group was lower 14. 18% than that of control. The feed/gain of 2% stachyose group was significantly higher than that of control (2.16 vs 1.52) (P<0. 05), The ADG of pigs in treatment 2 and 3 reduced 25.72 and 35. 89% respectively than that of control (P <0. 05). Comparing to the control, the ADG of pigs in treatment 4 decreased 28. 49%, and lightly lower than that in treatment 2. The ADG of pigs in control, treatment 2 and 3 for 22-35 days increased 20. 83%.17. 80% and 11.04% ,and feed /gain decreased. For 0-14 days, the acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) content in the serum of 1% stachyose group was higher significantly than that of control group (P<0. 05). Comparing to the control, the total VFA level in the serum of 1 0 o stachyose group increased, but 20 a stachyose group decreased. The above results indicated that the soybean oligosaccharides (raffinose+stachyose ) will have the negative effect on the performance of weaned piglet when their level is over 1%. in the diets, and that the soybean protein and soybean oligosaccharides are all the causes of diarrhea occurence after weaning.